A-Z List


Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Previously termed Mental Retardation (The designation Cognitive Disability is used in the state of Wisconsin in public school settings. Within the literature, the designation Cognitive Disability actually references any type of cognitive problem, regardless of age of onset, and is not necessarily developmental in nature.)

Journal Articles

Compiled by various students
May 9, 2000


"Mental retardation refers to substantial limitations in present functioning. It is characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitations in two or more of the following applicable adaptive skill areas: communication, self-care, home living, social skills, community use, self-direction, health and safety, functional academics, leisure, and work. Mental retardation manifests itself before age 18." (p.1)

Source: Definition, Classification, and Systems of Supports: by Luckason, R., Schalock, R. L., Snell, M. E., Spitalnik, D. M., and Stark, J. A., Washington, DC: American Association on Metal Retardation.

by Ilsa Hillert - Decemeber 1999

Walker, J. B. (1972). The use of music as an aid in developing functional speech in the institutionalized mentally retarded. Journal of Music Therapy. 9, 1. 1-12.
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Wingert, M. L. (1972). Effects of a music enrichment program in the education of the mentally retarded. Journal of Music Therapy. 9, 1. 13-22.
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Wasserman, N., Plutchik, R., Deutsch, R., & Taketomo, Y. (1973). The music background of a group of mentally retarded psychotic patients: Implications for music therapy. Journal of Music Therapy. 10, 2. 78-92.
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Jorgenson, H., & Parnell, M. K. (1979). Modifying social behaviors of mentally retarded children in music activities. Journal of Music Therapy. 7, 3. 83-87.
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Underhill, K. K., & Harris, L. M. (174). The effect of contingent music on establishing imitation in behaviorally disturbed retarded children. Journal of Music Therapy. 11, 3. 156-166.
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Wolpow, R. I. (1976). The independent effects of contingent social and academic approval apon musical on-task and performance behaviors of profoundly retarded adults. Journal of Music Therapy. 13, 1. 29-38.
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Leinhard, M. E. (1974). Factors relevant to the rhythmic perception of a group of mentally retarded children. Journal of Music Therapy. 13, 2. 58-65.
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Greenwald, M. A. (1978). The effectiveness of distorted music versus interrupted music to decrease self-stimulatory behaviors in profoundly retarded adolescents. Journal of Music Therapy. 15, 2. 58-66.
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Bokor, C. R. (1976). A comparison of musical and verbal responses of mentally retarded children. Journal of Music Therapy. 13, 2. 101-107.
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Saperston, B. (1973). The use of music in establishing communication with an autistic mentally retarded child. Journal of Music Therapy. 10, 4. 184-188.
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UWEC owned titles - May 9, 2000

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Hairston, M. P. (1990). Analysis of responses of mentally retarded autistic and mentally retarded non-autistic children to art therapy and music therapy. Journal of Music Therapy. 27, 3. 137-150.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Coats, P. (1987). Is it functional? A question for music therapists who work with the institutionalized mentally retartded. Journal of Music Therapy. 24, 3. 170-175.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Pujol, K. K. (1994). The vibrotactile stimulation, instrumentation and precomposed melodies on psysiological and behavioral responses of profoundly mentally retarded children and adult. Journal of Music Therapy. 31, 3. 186-205.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Hunter, L. L. (1989), Computer-assisted assessment of melodic and rhythmic discrimination skills. Journal of Music Therapy. 26, 2. 79-87.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Hoskins, C. (1988). Use of music to increase verbal response and improve expression language abilities of preschool language delayed children. Journal of Music Therapy. 25, 2. 73-84.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Holloway, M. S. (1980). A comparison of passive and active music reinforcement to increase preacademic and motor skills in severely mentally retarded children and adolescents. Journal of Music Therapy. 17, 2. 58-69.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Hair, H. I., & Graham, R. M. (1983). A comparison of verbal descriptors used by TMR students and music therapists. Journal of Music Therapy. 20, 2. 59-68.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Bornell, D. G. (?). Movement is individuality: An interabilities approach using dance taps. Journal of Music Therapy. 4, 1. 98-105.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Becker, I. L. (1983). Control of acquisition of eye contact by distorted and undistorted music stimuli. Journal of Music Therapy. 20, 3. 132-142.
Call #: UWEC McIntyre Library (Journals Bound and Microfilm).


Eagle, C. T. (?). Music therapy for handicapped indiveiduals: Annotated and indexed bibliography. Washington, D.C.: National Association for Music Therapy.
Call #: ML3920.E2 - UWEC McIntyre Library (Main Stacks).



Non-UWEC owned titles - May 9, 2000

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Silliman, L. M., French, R., & Tynan, D. (1992). Use of sensory reinforcement to increase compliant behavior of a child who is blind and profoundly mentally retarded. Clinical Kinesiology. 46, 3. 3-9.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.


Wigram, A. L. (1988). Music therapy: developments in mental handicap. Psychology of Music. 16, 1. 42-51.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.


Roy E. Grant, R. E. (1989). Music therapy guidelines for developmentally disabled children. Music Therapy Perspectives. 6. 18-22.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.


Zagelbaum, V. N., & Rubino, M. A. (1991). Combined dance/movement art. and music therapies with a developmentally delayed, psychiatric client in a day treatment setting. Arts in Psychotherapy. 18, 2. 139-148.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.


Anthi, A. (1994). Isolation and the multi-handicapped patient: An analysis of the music therapist-patient affects and processes. Arts in Psychotherapy. 21, 5. 359-365.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.


Oldfield, A., & Adams, M. (1990). An investigation of the effects of music therapy on a group of profoundly mentally handicapped adults. Journal of Mental Deficiency Research. 34, 2. 107-125.
Call #: Inter-Library Loan at UWEC.